DROP, SWAP and DOUBLE
Drop a silent 'e' at the end of the word, if the new ending begins with a vowel or a 'y'.
- Hope + ing = hoping
- Tape + ed = taped
- Note + ed = noted
- Hope + ing = hoping
- Tape + ed = taped
- Note + ed = noted
Swap a 'y' at the end of a word for an 'i', if the 'y' has a consonant in front of it, except if there is a double vowel.
- Happy + ness = happiness
- Carry + ing = carrying. It cannot become carriing, so keep the 'y' in this case.
- Happy + ness = happiness
- Carry + ing = carrying. It cannot become carriing, so keep the 'y' in this case.
Look at the vowel - if it has a long sound (alphabetic), just use one. If it is a short sound, then double it. The additions to the words are added to a consonant immediately after the vowel.-
- Collar = short vowel sound
- Polar = long (alphabetic) sound.
- Begin = short vowel sound, so double the 'n' = beginning
- Stop = short vowel sound, so double the 'p' = stopping
The additions to these words are added when the consonant does not sit next to a vowel, therefore, leave the last consonant as single.
- Watch = watch(ing)
- Return = return(ed)
Also, look at the last three letters of the word in question. If those three letters are consonant - vowel - consonant, then double the last letter of the word. The exception here will be a word ending in 'x'.
- Wet = wetter
- Forgot = forgotten
- Shop = shopping / shopped
- Travel = traveller / travelling
- Occur = occurred
- Begin = beginner / beginning
- Regret = regretted
- Run = running
- Cancel = cancelling / cancelled
- Collar = short vowel sound
- Polar = long (alphabetic) sound.
- Begin = short vowel sound, so double the 'n' = beginning
- Stop = short vowel sound, so double the 'p' = stopping
The additions to these words are added when the consonant does not sit next to a vowel, therefore, leave the last consonant as single.
- Watch = watch(ing)
- Return = return(ed)
Also, look at the last three letters of the word in question. If those three letters are consonant - vowel - consonant, then double the last letter of the word. The exception here will be a word ending in 'x'.
- Wet = wetter
- Forgot = forgotten
- Shop = shopping / shopped
- Travel = traveller / travelling
- Occur = occurred
- Begin = beginner / beginning
- Regret = regretted
- Run = running
- Cancel = cancelling / cancelled